Training and Synchrony in the Motor System

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Abstract
Two monkeys trained for >5 years to perform 12 finger and wrist movements had both a greater prevalence of motor cortex neurons with significant effects in spike-triggered averages and a greater ratio of synchrony effects to pure postspike effects than a monkey trained <1 year to perform six movements. By comparison, stimulus-triggered averages were generally similar in all three monkeys, indicating that the increased prevalence of synchrony in spike-triggered averages was a feature of voluntary motor system activity in the monkeys trained for a longer period of time. Synchronization among neurons with relatively direct connections to spinal α-motoneuron pools, including motor cortex neurons, may increase as a repertoire of skilled movements is acquired and practiced during long-term training.