Effect of pretreatment on the hydrolysis of cellulose by Penicillium funiculosum cellulase and recovery of enzyme

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Abstract
Penicillium funiculosum produces a complete cellulase which brings about 97% hydrolysis of cotton and has high β‐glucosidase, xylanase, laminarinase, and lichenase activities. This article deals with the effect of different pretreatments on the hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse by P. funiculosum enzymes and the recovery of enzyme from the insoluble residues. Enzymic saccharification of bagasse pretreated with hot 1N NaOH followed by neutralization with HCI and steam treated under pressure (7 kg/cm2) gave 63 and 59% saccharification, respectively, in 48 h. Hemicellulose is not lost in these pretreatments. With a 30% slurry of steam‐treated bagasse, a semisolid mass containing 14% sugar was obtained. A 90% recovery of CMCase, β‐glucosidase, and filter paper activity from the hydrolysates was obtained under the following conditions: (1) maintaining the ratio of enzyme to substrate high by stepwise addition of substrate, (2) brief grinding of the residual substrate with glass powder, and (3) addition of 0.4% Tween‐80 to the eluting buffer. The high recovery of cellulolytic enzymes indicates that the adsorption of these enzymes on cellulose is not irreversible.