The neurons of the first synaptic region of the optic neuropil of the firefly, Phausis splendidula L. (Coleoptera)

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Abstract
On the basis of Golgi preparations the neuronal elements of the lamina ganglionaris (first synaptic region of the visual system) of the firefly, Phausis splendidula L., are described. Of the set of 8 retinula fibres that originate from each ommatidium of the compound eye, at least 6 terminate in the external plexiform layer. At least one, probably two, retinula fibres per ommatidium penetrate this layer to end in the medulla, via the first optic chiasma. Five types (m1–m5) of monopolar cells can be distinguished. Only two of these, m1 and m3 have dendritic fields limited to one column of the lamina mosaic; all other monopolar cells have larger fields of up to 45μm diameter. m2 and m4 have various field spreads in different strata of the external plexiform layer. m5 has process in only one stratum of the external plexiform layer. Medulla-to-lamina cells with arborisations associated with only a single column of the lamina mosaic were not observed; medulla-to-lamina cells whose fields coincide with the various strata of the external plexiform layer were found, however. The present observations are briefly compared with those made on another beetle, Hoplia farinosa L. Comparisons with other species of insects, and the relationship between structure of the eye and structure of the lamina are also discussed.

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