Electrochemical Evaluation of the Interaction between Endocrine Disrupter Chemicals and Estrogen Receptor Using 17β-Estradiol Labeled with Daunomycin

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Abstract
A new electrochemical screening method for endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) was developed. To evaluate the binding capacity of EDCs to the estrogen receptor (ER), 17β-estradiol labeled with daunomycin as an electroactive compound was prepared. The electrochemical sensitivity of the prepared labeled estradiol (LE) was high, as compared with daunomycin. The interaction between LE and ER was observed by the decrease in the electrode response of LE, indicating the specific binding of LE with ER. The competitive reaction between LE and 17β-estradiol for the limiting binding site on ER produced increases in the peak current of LE. The relative standard deviation at 1 × 10-8 M 17β-estradiol was about 10.0% (n = 7). The binding affinity between EDC and ER was also evaluated by comparison with 17β-estradiol-ER in-teraction. Bisphenol A, p-nonylphenol and p,p‘-DDT was used as a test compound. All test compounds demonstrated some ability to bind with ER. This electrochemical binding assay illustrates a new method for evaluating the binding capacity of EDCs to ER without the need for a separation procedure for the bound and free LE.