Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis to Gypsy Moth 1 Larvae Parasitized by Apanteles melanoscelus 2

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Abstract
Treatment of gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), larvae with the parasite Apanteles melanoscelus Ratzeburg and the microbial insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner yielded a higher mortality than treatment with A. melanoscelus or B. thuringiensis alone. The mortality was, however, less than the sum of the mortalities for the separate treatments. The 7- and 14-day LC 50 values for parasitized (97.6 and 50.2 IU of B. thuringiensis per ml of diet, respectively) and for unparasitized (95.3 and 43.4 IU of B. thuringiensis per ml of diet, respectively) larvae showed no significant differences with respect to B. thuringiensis treatment. Mortality due to B. thuringiensis treatment continued up to the 28th day and was dependent on dosage. The majority of deaths due to parasitism alone occurred between the 15th and 28th days. B. thuringiensis treatment of host larvae caused an increase of ca. 3 days in the total development time of A. melanoscelus .

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