Breathing pattern during sleep disruptive snoring

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Abstract
Breathing disturbances during snoring have been quantified by face mask pneumotachography and oesophageal catheters. In order to nonobtrusively investigate respiratory mechanics during nonapnoeic snoring in relation to sleep disturbances, we employed calibrated respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP). In 10 snorers, RIP recordings were studied during nonapnoeic snoring without arousals in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, nonapnoeic snoring with repetitive arousals in NREM sleep and wakefulness. Results were compared to RIP recordings in undisturbed NREM sleep and wakefulness in seven healthy nonsnorers. Compared to wakefulness and undisturbed NREM sleep in nonsnorers, snoring was associated with predominant thoracic breathing, ribcage/abdominal asynchrony, and increased fractional inspiratory time. Preceding arousals during snoring, inspiratory flattening of time-derivatives of RIP volume signals, and marked ribcage/abdominal asynchrony indicated pronounced flow limitation. Low variation coefficients of respiratory cycle time ( or =20%), with a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 100%. Thus, characteristic patterns of ribcage/abdominal motion recorded by respiratory inductive plethysmography differentiated breathing in sleep disruptive snoring from simple snoring.

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