Q pili enhance the attachment of Moraxella bovis to bovine corneas in vitro

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Abstract
Summary: Moraxella bovis, the causative agent of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivttis, exhibits several virulence factors, including pili, haemotysin, leukotoxin, and proteases. The pili are filamentous appendages which mediate bacterial adherence. Prior studies have shown that Q‐piliated M. bovis Epp63 are more infectious and more pathogenic than l‐piliated and nonpiliated isogenic variants, suggesting that Q pili perse or traits associated with Q‐pilin expression, promote the early association of Q‐pillated bacteria with bovine corneal tissue. In order to better evaluate the role of Q pili in M. bovis attachment, several M. bovis strains and a recombinant P. aeruginosa strain which elaborates M. bovis Q pili but not P. aeruginosa PAK pili, were evaluated using an in vitro corneal attachment assay. For each strain tested, piliated organisms attached better than non‐piliated bacteria. M. bovis Epp63 Q‐piIiated bacteria adhered better than either the l‐piliated or non‐piliated isogenic variants. Finally, recombinant P. aeruginosa organisms elaborating M. bovis Q pili adhered better than the parent P. aeruginosa strain which did not produce M. bovis pili. These results indicate that the presence of pili, especially Q pili, enhances the attachment of bacteria to bovine cornea In vitro.