Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from cell suspension derived protoplasts of Solanum melongena (eggplant)

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Abstract
Cell suspension cultures of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) were initiated from embryogenic callus cultures and maintained in medium supplemented with either 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Higher yields of protoplasts were obtained from cells grown in 2,4-D than in NAA. The efficiency of cell division was also greater in protoplast cultures derived from cells grown in the presence of 2,4-D. Protoplast-derived cells formed somatic embryos in modified Kao or Nagata and Takebe media which were supplemented with 1 mg/L 2,4-D. Early stages of embryogenesis were observed in liquid medium; however, these embryos and associated cell colonies were transferred onto agar-solidified medium for subsequent regeneration. Mature plants were established in soil in the greenhouse.