From a recent report on chemotherapy of urological tumours some conclusions can be drawn. The best indications for cancer chemotherapy in urology can be found in the treatment of metastatic testicular carcinoma, in the combined treatment of Wilms’ tumour and in the topical instillations of thiotepa in diffuse papillomatosis. The value of chemotherapeutic agents in prevention of recurrences of papillary bladder tumours is also emphasized. The association of 5-FU infusions to cobalt-teletherapy is strongly advocated. The results are, however, much less encouraging in other neoplasms, where only a limited number of transient regressions and subjective improvements can be observed.