The Heavy Component of Primary Cosmic Rays

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Abstract
Further evidence is presented for the existence of heavy nuclei as components of the primary cosmic radiation. Preliminary results are given for the distribution in atomic numbers of these components. Lower limits of the energies of the particles on entrance into the atmosphere are calculated. These are, in general, above the cut-off imposed by the earth's magnetic field. The mean free path for nuclear collisions is of the order of 14 cm of photographic emulsion. This is longer than that expected from the geometrical cross section and may indicate velocity dependence of nuclear forces. An example of a track that stops in emulsion is shown. This particle gives further evidence for the nuclear character of the rays, because as it slows down it captures planetary electrons and decreases its rate of energy loss. An approximate value of the hydrogen-helium ratio of 4 is reported.