Arteriovenous Malformations in the Basal Ganglia

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Abstract
We present 18 cases of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the basal ganglia. The results of seven cases of definitive surgery are reported in detail and are compared with those of 10 nonsurgical and one nondefinitive surgical cases. Among those available for follow-up, three of the seven nonsurgical and one nondefinitive surgical patients died of rebleeding. On the other hand, all seven patients who underwent definitive surgery are doing well, and their signs and symptoms were not aggravated by surgery. AVMs in the basal ganglia are classified into four types according to site: lateral, medial, mixed, and anteroinferior in relation to the internal capsule. The nidus was totally removed in two medial and four lateral cases. Eight of the 11 nonsurgical and nondefinitive surgical cases were of the mixed type and most had large nidi, and those that were totally removed were small or medium-sized. The surgical accessibility of AVMs in the basal ganglia and the current surgical approaches are discussed in terms of their locations and sizes.

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