Nonlinear modeling of jet atomization in the wind-induced regime

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Abstract
A boundary element method (BEM) has been developed to solve for the nonlinear evolution of a liquid jet acting under the influence of both surface tension and the aerodynamic interactions with the surrounding atmosphere. For longer waves, aerodynamic effects are shown to cause a ‘‘swelling’’ of the liquid surface in the trough region. The model predicts the presence of satellite drops in the first wind-induced regime, and predicts the evolution of a ‘‘spiked’’ surface at the periphery of the jet for conditions consistent with the second wind-induced regime. The effects of the disturbance wave number, the liquid Weber number, and the density ratio between the liquid jet and the surrounding gas on the breakup of the jet have been examined. Transition points between various flow regimes have also been identified.

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