Abstract
In two hamlets (dukuh) in south central Java, a series of situations have been identified in which some farm‐land is now being used less intensively than other, similar land. In an area of such high population density this appears a paradox. Although a variety of explanations exist for the less intensive use of farm‐land, where household livelihood strategies are highly diversified ‐ as in central Java ‐ and where a wide range of non‐farming work exists, the intensity of use of farmland may be declining for some households.

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