The Geometrical Effect of the Section Thickness on Electron Microscopic Images of the Unit Membrane

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Abstract
Influences of the section thickness on electron microscopic images of the biological membrane were geometrically analyzed. It has been revealed by this analysis that by means of geometrical effects of the section thickness, a conspicuous error is inevitable in the estimation of the total thickness of the membrane. This sort of error, however, is nearly avoided when the center-to-center distance between the two dense layers of the unit membrane is applied instead of the total thickness. Probability that planar membranes are cut by a section with a cutting angle larger than ij; degree is given by 1[long dash][PSI]/90+1/6 (8 sin 24> [long dash]sin 4iJ/).