Absolute photoluminescence quantum yield of molecular organic thin films: effects of doping with strongly fluorescent rubrene

Abstract
We present data on the absolute photoluminescence quantum yield (phi) PL, for a set of pure and molecularly doped organic solid films. The procedure uses an integrating sphere to provide accurate measure of the photoluminescence efficiency for solid, sub-micron thickness, films. Host materials include a common hole transport compounds, N,N- dipheny-N,N-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1,1-biphenyl-4,4-diamine, TPD, and two metal chelates used as electron transport and/or light emitting materials, tris (8- hydroxyquinolinolato) aluminum (III), Alq3, and one of its methyl derivatives, tris (8- trimethylhydroxyquinolinolator) aluminum (III), Almq3, Tetraphenylnapthacene, or rubrene, is used as the dopant. A substantial increase in (phi) PL is measured with respect to the pure host. For example, the measured (phi) PL increases from 0.25 and 0.40 for pure Alq3 and Almq3, respectively, to near unity upon doping with rubrene at approximately 1 mol percent. The data are discussed within the framework of Foerster energy transfer.