Allosteric Modulation of the Adenosine A1 Receptor. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2-Amino-3-benzoylthiophenes as Allosteric Enhancers of Agonist Binding

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Abstract
Novel allosteric enhancers of agonist binding to the rat adenosine A(1) receptor are described. The lead compound for the new series was PD 81,723 ((2-amino-4, 5-dimethyl-3-thienyl)[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methanone), a compound previously reported by Bruns and co-workers (Mol. Pharmacol. 1990, 38, 950-958). The 4,5-dimethyl group and the benzoyl moiety were targets for further modifications, leading to series of 4, 5-dialkyl (12a-g), of tetrahydrobenzo (12h-u), and of tetrahydropyridine (13a-g) derivatives. A number of compounds, in particular 12b, 12e, 12j, 12n, and 12u, proved superior to PD 81,723. Their EC(50) values for enhancing the binding of the adenosine A(1) receptor agonist N(6)-cyclopentyladenosine to the receptor were lower, and/or their antagonistic activity on the adenosine A(1) receptor was shown to be diminished.