DIFFUSION D'ESPÈCES ATOMIQUES ET IONIQUESRARE GAS ATOMS IN IONIC CRYSTALS : METHODS, RESULTS AND APPLICATION TO THE STUDY OF LATTICE DEFECTS

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Abstract
Ever since the preparation of the first terrestrial helium by degassing uraniumminerals in the year 1895 rare gas/solid systems have been of interest in science and technology (e. g. the Hahn emanation method, the determination of the geological age of potassium minerals, the behaviour of fission gases in reactor fuels). In the last ten years a fundamenta1 aspect, namely the atomic transport of Ar, Kr and Xe in simple cubic ionic crystals (alkali halides of NaCl- and CsCl-structure, and alkaline earth fluorides of CaF2-structure) has been studied thoroughly. This paper gives a survey of the hitherto published literature, however, with emphasis on the work based on the introduction of rare gas atoms by transformation of lattice components with nuclear reactions. The two main features of these investigations are that the gas atoms are mobile in most cases as interstitials and that they react with lattice defects. Such defects may be e. g. thermally or chemically introduced cation vacancies and radiation induced defects. The experimental technique to determine the gas mobility with the help of radioactive tracers is briefly described. The main experimental results are summarized and compared with the calculations of Norgett and Lidiard

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