Large-scale production ofPlasmodium vivaxsporozoites

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Abstract
SUMMARY: Mass-scale production ofPlasmodium vivaxsporozoites inAnopheles stephensiwas achieved using the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) as a source of infective blood. Membrane feeding was as successful as feeding mosquitoes directly on the animal so long as the time between drawing the blood and feeding was restricted to 45 min. Longer delays such as 2–3 h resulted in loss of infectivity in terms of oocyst production. The selected strain ofA. stephensiwas highly susceptible toP. vivax(Chesson strain). A strain ofA. stephensirelatively refractory toP. falciparumshowed no cross-refractoriness toP. vivax. Mixed infections ofP. falciparumandP. vivaxdid not interfere with each other in their development inA. stephensi. A second normal blood meal to mosquitoes infected withP. vivaxincreased the yield of salivary gland sporozoites.