The magnetization process in type-II superconducting film

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Abstract
The authors numerically solve the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation for a homogeneous, isotropic type-II superconducting film in the presence of an external magnetic field. They study the dynamical processes of the magnetization by stepwise change of the external field. It is demonstrated that the magnetic vortices penetrate and are expelled from the system boundary in accord with the change of the field, and the dynamical instability of magnetic flux wall near the boundary leads to the formation of a vortex at low fields. The hysteresis loop of magnetization versus the external field is also obtained.