Abstract
The effect of properties of grain boundaries /GB/ on the mechanical behaviour of metallic polycrystals /P/ ís discussed. It is shown that the commonly used characterization of P by distribution of grain sizes and grain orientations is inappropriate in the case when GB are active elements of microstructure. The method of obtaining the distribution function of diffusional properties of GB population in P, based on measurements of the spreading kinetics of extrinsic GB dislocations is presented. Results concerning the influence of GB structure on the initial stage of plastic flow are discussed. It is concluded that changes in GB structure are capable of affecting mechanical properties of P even more than the changes in grain size

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