Cytokine-mediated cPLA2phosphorylation is regulated by multiple MAPK family members

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Abstract
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) plays a critical role in various neutrophil functions including the generation of leukotrienes and platelet-activating factor release. Enzyme activity is regulated both by translocation to the membrane in a Ca2+-dependent manner and serine phosphorylation by members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. In this report, we have investigated the role of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-mediated signalling pathways in the regulation of cPLA2. GM-CSF-induced cPLA2 phosphorylation was not affected by pharmacological inhibition of p38 MAPK, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase or Src. However, inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) MAPK activation resulted in a partial inhibition of cPLA2 phosphorylation, revealed in a slower onset of phosphorylation. A cell line stably transfected with the GM-CSF receptor was used to further analyze GM-CSF-mediated cPLA2 phosphorylation. Mutation of tyrosine residues 577 and 612 resulted in a delayed cPLA2 phosphorylation similar to the pharmacological ERK inhibition. Furthermore, inhibition of p38 MAPK in cells bearing the double mutant βc577/612 completely abrogated GM-CSF-induced cPLA2 phosphorylation. We conclude that GM-CSF can mediate cPLA2 phosphorylation through the redundant activation of both p38 and ERK MAP kinases.