THE OCCURRENCE AND ETIOLOGY OF AN ANNUAL CANKER OF SUGAR MAPLE IN PENNSYLVANIA

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Abstract
An annual canker of sugar maple was found throughout the natural range of the species in Pennsylvania. The canker develops during the dormant season, has been increasing in incidence during the past three decades, occurs more frequently on the north and south sides of trees than on the east and west sides, and occurs more frequently on the lower portion of the stem. Severe cankering of individual trees had no apparent effect on diameter growth. It is suggested that the disease is caused by a sequence of events which involves a predisposing factor such as drought, frost, or insect activity followed by development of the facultative parasite Fusarium solani.