Leiomyosarcoma of the Inferior Vena Cava—A Case Report

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Abstract
The authors report a rare case of leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava (IVC) with an unusually long survival time of more than five years without signs of local or systemic tumor recurrence up to today. The diagnostic and therapeutic problems are discussed and the relevant literature is considered. The diagnosis was assessed by computed tomographic scan. The surgical treatment consisted of resection of the tumor (located in the inferior and middle third of the IVC), together with the right kidney. After proximal ligature of the left kidney vein no reconstruction of the resected segment of the IVC was performed. Owing to an adequate collateral venous drainage the kidney function remained normal. The prognosis of this rare tumor is reported to be quite poor with a resectability rate of about 60% and a mean survival time of two to three years after surgery. Alternative treatment modalities such as irradiation or chemotherapy are considered to be of no additional benefit.

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