Sesquiterpenoid unsaturated dialdehydes increase the concentration of intracellular free Ca2+ in human neuroblastoma SH‐SY5Y cells

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Abstract
The effect of the three sesquiterpenoid unsaturated dialdehydes–polygodial, isovelleral, and epipolygodial—on intracellular free Ca2+ concentration, [Ca2+]i, was investigated in the human neuro‐blastoma cell line SH‐Sy5y. [Ca2+]i was measured by the Fura‐2 spectrophotofluorometric technique in multi‐cell and single‐cell experiments. Polygodial and isovelleral induced an increase in [Ca2+]i at low concentrations (0.1 and 0.5 μg/ml, respectively) but epipolygodial affected [Ca2+]i only at a high concentration (10 μg/ml). The results indicated that there was a relationship between the effect on [Ca2+]i and the pungency of the sesquiterpenes tested. Experiments in a Ca2+ ‐free extracellular solution showed that Ca2+ was also released from intracellular calcium stores. Images from single‐cell experiments indicated that polygodial induced fluctuations in the [Ca2+]i in some cells. The mechanism behind the sesquiterpene induced increase of the [Ca2+]i was not identified but a possible mobilization of inositol phosphates is considered.