Contradistinctive growth responses of cultured rat intestinal epithelial cells to epidermal growth factor depending on cell population density

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Abstract
The growth response of cultured rat intestinal epithelial (RIE‐1) cells to epidermal growth factor (EGF) depends on the cell population density. EGF stimulated the proliferation of RIE‐1 cells in dense cultures, but inhibited the proliferation of cells growing at low population densities. In contrast, insulin enhanced RIE‐1 cell growth irrespective of the population density. The tumour promoter 12‐0‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (TPA), like EGF, inhibited the proliferation of low‐density RIE‐1 cells, but differed from EGF in that it did not stimulate the growth of dense cultures.