The effects of vasopressin on electrical activity in the guinea‐pig supraoptic nucleus in vitro.

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Abstract
Brain slices of the guinea‐pig hypothalamus were used to determine the effects of vasopressin on intracellular potentials in neurones of the supraoptic nucleus. Vasopressin (0.05‐1 i.u./ml.) depolarized the membrane without apparent change in the input resistance and decreased the spontaneous firing rate. This action of vasopressin was retained in the medium containing 0 mM‐Ca2+, 12 mM‐Mg2+ and 0.3 mM‐EGTA. Amplitude of the vasopressin‐induced depolarization was voltage‐independent. Ion‐substitution experiments showed that the changes in [K+]o, [Cl‐]o and [Ca2+]o had little effect upon the amplitude of vasopressin‐induced depolarization, whereas the depletion of [Na+]o slightly reduced the amplitude. The vasopressin‐induced depolarization was blocked at a temperature of 15 degrees C and by ouabain in a dose of 10(‐4) M. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP (2 mM) produced electrophysiological effects similar to those seen with vasopressin, and actions of both agents were potentiated by either papaverine (10(‐4) M) or theophylline (10(‐2) M). Contents of cyclic AMP in tissues incubated with vasopressin were significantly higher than in cases of incubation with normal Krebs solution. We conclude that vasopressin directly modulates the activity of supraoptic neurones, possibly through activation of adenylate cyclase.