Relapsing Fever: A Differential Diagnosis to Malaria

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Abstract
A 20-year-old man who had spent several weeks in Asia suffered several attacks of fever, each lasting 1 day in a cyclic pattern. Initially he was suspected to have malaria, but no parasites were found in a blood smear. When he was readmitted to the hospital with high fever and shivering, Borrelia spirochaetes were detected in a blood smear, leading to a diagnosis of relapsing fever. He recovered immediately when treated with tetracyclin.

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