Influence of Pesticide Persistence in Evolution of Resistance 1

Abstract
The evolution of resistance was simulated in hypothetical insect populations that were assumed to be under selection by chemicals with half-lives of 1, 2, 5, or 10 days. The influence of the life stage being exposed, the dose applied, and the influx of susceptible immigrants were also examined. Short-lived chemicals delayed or forestalled the evolution of resistance. This effect was more pronounced when both larvae and adults were assumed to be exposed to the insecticide, when doses were sufficiently large as to be lethal to heterozygotes, and when susceptible immigrants arrived at optimal rates.

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