QUANTITATIVE STUDIES ON RESPONSE OF SEX CHARACTERS OF DIFFERENTIATED RANA CLAMITANS LARVAE TO INJECTED ANDROGENS AND ESTROGENS1

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Abstract
Complete sex reversal of large Rana clamitans larvae from [female][female] to [male][male] with weekly testosterone propionate injns. is obtained in 95 days with a total of 4 mg. (at 0.25 mg./wk.), in 123 days with a total of .9 mg. (at 0.05 mg./wk.), and in 144 days with a total of 0.525 mg. (at 0.025 mg./wk.). When the 0.25 mg. dose is administered alternately weekly and biweekly, sex reversal occurs in 95 days, although the total amt. of hormone used is reduced to only 2 mg. It appears that the minimum time for sex reversal is not much below 95 days. Three sex-reversed eft? remained alive long enough to produce sperms. Addition of gonadotrophins, for concs, and periods used, had no influence on degree or rate of change in animals receiving sex hormone. Estrogens produce only slight changes, causing some ovocyte degeneration in [female][female] and distention of the proximal part of the rete apparatus in [male][male].