Mortality Rate and Spontaneous Lesions Found in 2,928 Untreated BALB/cCr Mice2

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Abstract
The rate of mortality and the incidence of commonly occurring spontaneous pathologic lesions are reported in 2,928 untreated male and female mice of the BALB/cCr strain that served as environmental controls in a series of oncologic studies for 18 months. Before the scheduled termination period, 840 (28.69%) died, and necropsy and histopathologic examinations on 538 indicated pneumonia was the most frequent cause of death (270 or 50.18%). Lung tumors were found in 35 (6.5%), reticular neoplastic disease in 15 (2.78%), and solid tumors in 8 (1.48%). Of the remaining 2,088 mice that survived until 18 months of age, pneumonia was present in 230 (11.01%), lung tumors in 332 (15.90%), lymphatic hyper-plasia in 108 (5.17%), reticulum cell neoplasms in 21 (1.00%), and various other solid tumors in 65 (3.11%). Most of the solid tumors were benign.

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