EFFECTS OF AMMONIA AND STEAM TREATMENTS ON THE COMPOSITION AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF CANOLA (LOW GLUCOSINOLATE RAPESEED) SCREENINGS IN DIETS FOR GROWING PIGS

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Abstract
Two lots of fine screenings from canola (low glucosinolate rapeseed) were flaked (rolled) and processed (a) control, uncooked (UC); (b) wet-cooked using steam (WC), dried; and (c) WC with ammonia added (WC + NH3) and dried. The screenings meals were tested at 10 and 20% levels in diets that were individually fed to 48 pigs (23–57 kg) of both sexes in each of two factorially designed feeding experiments. In a separate digestibility trial, the meals were fed at 15 or 30% of a barley:wheat (2: 1) basal diet. The glucosinolate content was reduced from approximately 40 μmol/g (UC) to 15 μmol and 2 μmol in WC and WC + NH3 screenings, respectively. The availability of lysine was reduced by processing. Pigs fed diets containing WC screenings gained faster (625 g/day) (P < 0.05) than those fed diets containing UC (576 g) or WC + NH3 screenings (588 g). Pigs fed 10% screenings gained faster than those fed 20% (612 vs. 583 g/day) (P < 0.05) with a similar difference (P < 0.05) between sources (lots). Digestibility of crude protein was reduced from 67% in UC to 62–65% in processed screenings. Minor treatment effects on energy digestibility were observed depending on the source. Key words: Rapeseed screenings, cooking, ammoniation, pigs, feeding trials, digestibility