Value of Serum Aluminium Monitoring in Dialysis Patients: A Multicentre Study

Publisher Website
Google Scholar
Abstract
The clinical relevance of regular serum aluminium monitoring in dialysis patients was investigated in a multicentre study by 6-monthly determination of the serum aluminium during 4 consecutive years. In a group totalling 1193 patients, a striking decrease of mean serum aluminium was observed the last 2 years of the study. This phenomenon was accompanied by a substantial reduction of the prescribed dose of aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3) and its partial replacement by calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and/or magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2). Under this policy serum phosphate control remained satisfactory. In all the centres, water treatment was found to be adequate, yielding dialysate aluminium around 2 ug/1. Dialysis patients with clinically overt liver disease showed a significantly greater median serum aluminium concentration than that observed in a control dialysis population. Compared to, the latter group, the median serum aluminium concentration of dialysis patients with diabetes mellitus did not differ significantly. Results further indicated that patients with biopsyproven osteomalacia presented a significantly greater median serum aluminium compared to that of patients without osteomalacia. We demonstrated that a serum aluminium of 60 μg/l provides a relatively sensitive (82%) and specific (86%) index for the detection of aluminiumrelated bone disease (ARBD). Provided the aluminium determinations are performed by a qualified laboratory, serum monitoring in dialysis patients (a) allows the safer use of aluminium-containing phosphate binders, and (b) is of value in the diagnosis of overload/toxicity.