THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS ESTROGENS AND STEROID SUBSTANCES ON SEX DIFFERENTIATION IN THE FOWL1121

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Abstract
An account is given of the effects of the immersion of 4108 fertile, preincubation, hen‘s eggs into ethanol solutions of diethylstilbestrol (DES), and of 1524 such eggs into isopropyl alcohol solutions of DES. The percentage of hatched genetic male chicks showing feminization at hatching increased, on the average, with increasing concentrations of DES in the dipping solutions and, up to a point, with increased immersion time. Occasional small percentages of genetic females were virilized by the ethanol solutions, but were not seen in the experiments were isopropyl alcohol was the solvent. Maximal morphological reversions were observed in isopropyl alcohol solutions of DES. Ethinyl estradiol in ethanol solution also induced significant percentages of feminization, while testosterone in ethanol irregularly induced limited masculinization. Allopregnan-21–ol–3,20-dione acetate either in ethanol or in isopropyl alcohol reduced the percentage of eggs hatching and tended to be differentially lethal to female embryos.

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