A universal low-Q active-filter building block suitable for hybrid-integrated circuit implementation
- 1 January 1973
- journal article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in IEEE Transactions on Circuit Theory
- Vol. 20 (1) , 37-47
- https://doi.org/10.1109/tct.1973.1083607
Abstract
A highly versatile second-order active-filter building block for low-Qapplications(Q < 25)is described. The versatility is obtained by combining features inherent in the Sallen-Key circuit topology and those pertaining to hybrid-integrated circuits (HIC's). A high degree of circuit stability is obtained by designing individual network functions to depend primarily on the characteristics of stable thin-film resistors and capacitors. Frequency- andQ-sensitivity are examined in detail. Methods of minimizingQ-variation with respect to the active and passive elements are discussed. Lower bounds on the Q-variation obtainable with the hybrid-integrated filter building blocks are given. All possible second-order network functions, including the allpass function, can be obtained with the building block. The resulting universality and standardization permit the complete design of active filters consisting of cascaded building blocks by computer.Keywords
This publication has 16 references indexed in Scilit:
- A general all-pass network based on the Sallen-Key circuitIEEE Transactions on Circuit Theory, 1972
- A note on pole, frequency, and Q sensitivityIEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 1971
- Gain-sensitivity product-a figure of merit for hybrid-integrated filters using single operational amplifiersIEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, 1971
- Second-order pole-zero pair selection for nth-order minimum sensitivity networksIEEE Transactions on Circuit Theory, 1970
- A Decomposition of a Transfer Function Minimizing Distortion and Inband LossesBell System Technical Journal, 1970
- The operational amplifier in linear active networksIEEE Spectrum, 1970
- Sensitivity of 2nd-order Sallen-key-type active RC filtersElectronics Letters, 1967
- Sensitivity in active RC filtersElectronics Letters, 1967
- Q factor, Q stability and gain in active filtersElectronics Letters, 1966
- The Maximum Gain of an RC NetworkProceedings of the IRE, 1953