Survey of Azinphosmethyl Resistance in Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Washington and Utah

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Abstract
A bioassay in which azinphosmethyl was incorporated into the adhesive of a sex pheromone trap was developed to detect resistance in populations of male codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.). Experiments were done to evaluate the influence of the length of the bioassay, moth body position in the adhesive, moth age, and extremes of temperature and relative humidity (RH) experienced by moths caught in traps in the field. Moth’s body position and age for moths 85% RH. Populations from crabapple plantings, certified-organic, abandoned, and conventional orchards were sampled. Twenty of 44 populations monitored in 1991 and 12 of 17 populations monitored in 1992 had significant levels of resistance compared with a susceptible laboratory strain based on nonoverlapping 95% CL. All but one of these resistant populations were from current conventional or recently abandoned conventional orchards. Results from the 10 orchards sampled in both years were not Significantly different. Resistance in a population collected in 1991 reverted rapidly when removed from exposure to azinphosmethyl and reared on apple in the laboratory.

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