Localization of Agrobacterium rhizogenes T-DNA in plant chromosomes by in situ hybridization

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Abstract
We have used in situ hybridization to determine the sites of insertion of Agrobacterium rhizogenes Ri T‐DNA in the chromosomes of Crepis capillaris (2n = 6) transformed roots. Four transformed root lines were obtained by infecting Crepis stem segments with A. rhizogenes. Southern hybridization analysis indicated that each root line was the result of one or more independent T‐DNA insertion events. In two root lines, one copy of T‐DNA was present; the other two root lines each contained two copies of T‐DNA. To localize these T‐DNA inserts on Crepis chromosomes, metaphase spreads were perpared from each root line, and hybridized in situ to a biotinlabeled T‐DNA probe. The results indicated that T‐DNA was present in a different chromosomal location in each root line, and that each chromosome had been a target for T‐DNA insertion at least once. In the root lines containing two T‐DNA inserts, two patterns of integration were observed: in one case the T‐DNAs were present on separate chromosomes; in the other case the two T‐DNAs were close together (but not tandemly arranged) on a single chromosome. A comparison of these results and those obtained previously for a fifth Crepis‐transformed root line demostrated that Ri T‐DNA does not insert preferentially into a particlar chromosomal location.