Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of peptide T for HIV-associated cognitive impairment.

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Abstract
INFECTION WITH the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) is associated with primary disease of the central nervous system that can manifest with a spectrum of neurocognitive disturbances.1,2 Severe cognitive impairment—HIV-associated cognitive/motor complex, or dementia—affects about 15% of persons with frank acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), with an annual incidence of about 5%.3 A less severe disorder, recognized clinically as HIV-associated minor cognitive/motor disorder, seems to be more prevalent than HIV-associated cognitive/motor complex, or dementia.3,4 Other, more subtle neurocognitive disturbances, which do not substantially interfere with everyday functioning, can be detected on detailed neuropsychological testing.3 These deficits are prevalent in AIDS and in less advanced HIV illness. Neurocognitive impairment may be associated with an increased risk of mortality.5-7 Identifying effective treatment for HIV-associated brain disease has therefore become an important priority.