Progression of rheumatoid arthritis following bone marrow transplantation. A case report with a 13‐year followup

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Abstract
The progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is documented in a patient receiving a sex‐mismatched, allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) for gold‐induced marrow aplasia. DNA typing confirmed a high probability of a full donor engraftment (complete chimerism). Although the RA was in complete remission 2 years post‐BMT, clinical, laboratory, histologic, and radiologic evidence of the recurrence of synovitis from 3–13 years post‐BMT is presented. Implications of these observations for theories of the pathogenesis of RA and the future of immunotherapies are discussed.