Hepatic T2‐weighted MRI: A prospective comparison of sequences, including breath‐hold, half‐Fourier turbo spin echo (HASTE)

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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to quantitatively compare the hepatic contrast characteristics of conventional spin‐echo (CSE) and fast spin‐echo (FSE) sequences with breath‐hold T2‐weighted images acquired with half‐Fourier turbo spin echo (HASTE). Forty‐five patients were examined with a phased‐array surface coil. Nineteen patients had focal hepatic lesions, including eight malignant tumors, 10 cavernous hemangiomas, and one hepatic adenoma. Twenty‐six patients had no focal hepatic lesions. T2‐weighted images with comparable TE were acquired with CSE, FSE, and HASTE pulse sequences. Signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) for liver, spleen, and lesions were measured. FSE demonstrated significantly better quantitative performance than CSE for liver‐spleen CNR (P = .0084). No statistically significant difference was demonstrated between FSE and CSE for liver or spleen SNR. FSE demonstrated clear scan time and resolution advantages over CSE. HASTE performed significantly poorer than CSE and FSE for liver‐spleen CNR (P < .0001), liver SNR (P = .0002 for CSE and P < .0001 for FSE), and spleen SNR (P < .0001). Optimized FSE images with a short echo train length performed comparably to CSE images of equivalent TE. Liver‐lesion CNR was suppressed on HASTE images, suggesting that long echo train length FSE sequences could diminish solid lesion detection compared to CSE and short echo train length FSE.