A Special Needle for Percutaneous Vertebral Angiography

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Abstract
It is generally agreed that actual percutaneous needle puncture of the vertebral artery is fairly easy and can be carried out in most patients. However, it frequently proves difficult to maintain the distal end of the needle in the correct position. A very small displacement of the tip of the needle will cause the point to enter the internal or medial coats of the posterior wall of the artery. This may not be apparent to the operator while saline is being injected, but the injection of contrast medium, some of which may enter the wall of the vessel, will cause local spasm.
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