Ionic events following GABA receptor activation in an identified insect motor neuron

The ionic events underlying $\gamma $-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor activation on the cell body of a cockroach identified motor neuron were investigated by using current-clamp and voltage-clamp techniques. The reversal potential for GABA-induced hyperpolarization was -77.0 $\pm $ 2.4 mV (mean $\pm $ s.e.m.; n = 22). The reversal potential for GABA was highly sensitive to changes in external chloride, only weakly affected by changes in external potassium, and independent of changes in either sodium or calcium ion concentration. Intracellular ion-sensitive microelectrodes confirmed that an influx of chloride ions mediated the GABA response. Intracellular injection of acetate, citrate, sulphate, fluoride or ammonium caused no change in the reversal potential for GABA. Intracellular injection of chloride, bromide, chlorate, bromate, or methyl sulphate shifted the reversal potential for GABA to values more positive than resting membrane potential. Evidence for chloride accumulating and for extrusion mechanisms was examined by using putative inhibitors. However, internal application of ammonium ions, and external application of 4-acetamido-4$^{\prime}$-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2$^{\prime}$-disulphonic acid (SITS), 4,4$^{\prime}$-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2$^{\prime}$-disulphonic acid (DIDS), acetazolamide, furosemide, ammonium, zinc and copper ions, were all without effect on the reversal potential for GABA.