Amine-catalyzed hydrolyses of cyclodextrin cinnamates

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Abstract
Hydrolyses of .beta.-cyclodextrin cinnamate (.beta.CDC) and .alpha.-cyclodextrin cinnamate were catalyzed by amines such as 1,4-diazabicyclo(2.2.2)octane, triethylamine, quinuclidine, piperidine, diisobutylamine and n-butylamine. The rate constant of hydrolyses of the .beta.CDC-amine complexes follows the order: 1,4-diazabicyclo(2.2.2)octane > n-butylamine > quinuclidine > piperidine > triethylamine .mchgt. diisobutylamine. The ratio of the catalytic rate constant for the .beta.CDC/1,4-diazabicyclo(2.2.2)octane complex to the spontaneous rate constant for .beta.CDC is about 6-fold and is almost independent of pH below 11.5; but, it drastically increases with pH above 11.5, up to 57-fold at pH 13.6 which is much higher than previous attempts. The pH-rate constant profile and isotope effect with deuterium oxide solvent indicate that 1,4-diazabicyclo(2.2.2)octane, included in .beta.CDC, assists the catalytic nucleophilic attack by hydroxide ion toward the carbonyl carbon of .beta.CDC. Acceleration of deacylation of acyl-cyclodextrins, by amines, has made the cyclodextrin-catalyzed hydrolysis of esters an even better model of hydrolytic enzyme reactions than those developed previously.

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