Formation of diamond during passage of a shock wave in a copper/graphite powder: Formation process and numerical simulation

Abstract
A powder mixture of copper and graphite was dynamically shock-compressed by a rod-in-cylinder method. Structural characterization of the recovered specimen by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the development of fine spherical diamond particles through shock-induced nuclei formation in the high pressure state and shock-assisted nuclei growth during unloading to ambient pressure via a solid–liquid–solid (SLS) phase transformation. A 2 μm large diamond particle was formed via a shock-induced martensitic path. Quantitative numerical simulation applying the two-dimensional computation code AUTODYN 2D was conducted to evaluate the pressure conditions during shock loading.

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