Analysis of wireless geolocation in a non-line-of-sight environment
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- 27 March 2006
- journal article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
- Vol. 5 (3) , 672-681
- https://doi.org/10.1109/twc.2006.1611097
Abstract
We present an analysis of the time-of-arrival (TOA), time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA), angle-of-arrival (AOA) and signal strength (SS) based positioning methods in a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environment. Single path (line-of-sight (LOS) or NLOS) propagation is assumed. The best geolocation accuracy is evaluated in terms of the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) or the generalized CRLB (G-CRLB), depending on whether prior statistics of NLOS induced errors are unavailable or available. We then show that the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) using only LOS estimates and the maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) estimator using both LOS and NLOS data can asymptotically achieve the CRLB and the G-CRLB, respectively. Hybrid schemes that adopt more than one type of position-pertaining data and the relationship among the four methods in terms of their positioning accuracy are also investigated.Keywords
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