Abstract
In June of 1980, P.L. 96–272, the Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act, which substantially redirects the federal role in child welfare became law. The new legislation holds out the promise of eliminating some of the major policy barriers that result in widespread failures to respond to the psychological needs and rights of children at risk of, or in placement, as well as those of their families. The purpose of this paper is to examine the events leading up to the legislation and discuss the limits and challenges it offers for the reform of child welfare systems.

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