Bow Flow and Added Resistance of Slender Ships at High Froude Number and Low Wave Lengths

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Abstract
Flow around a slender ship bow at high Froude number and regular incident head sea waves is analyzed by matched asymptotic expansions. The near-field solution implies solving a two-dimensional Laplace equation with complete linear free-surface conditions. A solution technique with fundamental sources and dipoles is used. The solution technique is tested with good results for transient forced heave oscillation of a circular cylinder and for steady flow around a wedge. Comparisons with other numerical and experimental results for steady bow flow around a Wigley hull and a Series 60, Cb = 0.6 model show partly satisfactory results. The theoretical model for unsteady flow around a ship bow is used to calculate added resistance on a slender ship in high Froude number and incident regular head sea waves of low wave lengths. Experimental results for added resistance at low wave length for a cargo ship with Cb = 0.61 are not in complete agreement with the theoretical predictions.

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