Recent advances in clinical and experimental transplantation

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Abstract
The earlier serologic techniques for detection of the products of 2 HL-A loci have become enriched by new methods for the in vitro analysis of other HL-A products that are recognizable on the basis of ingenious cell culture techniques. The role of HL-A genes in human disease has only recently come into prominence. The HL-A supergene and its genetic polymorphism are becoming one of the primordial marker systems for further investigations of human genetics and of mechanisms conditioning survival of the species. Allogeneic unresponsiveness and long-term survival of major transplantable organs without endangering the remainder of the host''s defense mechanisms against infection or cancer remain prime objectives of transplantation biology and medicine. Important progress was made in this area, particularly in the rapid development of new in vitro techniques for the study of cell-to-cell interaction and collaboration and for the identification of the mediators of cell-to-cell interaction that are responsible for the signals determining cell responses.

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