Ultrasonic reflection mode computed tomography through a skullbone

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Abstract
An ultrasonic reflection-mode CT method was applied to transskull imaging of brain. The method involves only a single transducer and a single scan to acquire data from the object. In reconstruction an ordinary Fourier slice theorem is applied. The average velocity changes of ultrasound due to the skullbone can be compensated. In experiments the object immersed in water was scanned by a wide-angle transducer through the viewing angle of 360 degrees. When imaging through bone a simplified approach was employed in which a piece of skullbone (thickness 3-4 mm) was attached firmly to the transducer. For comparison, the same object was then imaged without the skullbone. A two-point resolution better than 3 mm was achieved for transskull imaging using 1 MHz ultrasound. The experiments with brain specimens show that transskull images compare well with the images of the same specimens obtained without the bone interference. The findings are clinically significant in terms of pediatric brain diagnosis and postoperative follow up. Based on the method, a clinical prototype imager is currently being developed especially for diagnosis of children's brain diseases.

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