Applications of Refractive Index to Polymer Characterization

Abstract
The Lorentz-Lorenz formula (relating refractive index, molecular weight, and density to molar refractivity) was shown to give unreliable results when applied to polymers. A new equation has been derived relating refractive index to the total parachor and number of bonds of a molecule which can be applied to polymers as well as monomers. The ratio of total bonds to parachor approaches a limiting value for a given polymer system which in turn can be related to the limiting refractive index of that polymer. Applications are made to polymer molecular weights, tacticity, and copolymer composition.

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