CLEAVAGE OF XANTHENE ETHERS: A NEW ROUTE TO 9-SUBSTITUTED XANTHENES

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Abstract
9,9-(Tetrachloro-o-phenylenedioxy) xanthene (IIa) and its thio-analogue (IIb) are cleaved by hydrazines to give the corresponding hydrazones of xanthone and thiaxanthone, respectively, together with tetrachlorocatechol. The unsaturated nitriles (Va), (Vb), and (Vc) are produced similarly by the action of malononitrile and cyanoacetic ester. Dixanthenyl ether itself reacts in a similar manner with active hydrogen compounds to give the corresponding 9-xanthyl derivatives. (IIb) is prepared by the action of 9-diazothiaxanthene on tetrachloro-o-benzoquinone and is readily cleaved by lithium aluminum hydride to give thiaxanthene and tetrachlorocatechol. The reaction mechanisms are discussed.

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